Harmonic balancer
A device connected to the crankshaft of an engine to reduce torsional vibration and to serve as a pulley for drive belts.

Ignition switch or starter switch is a switch in the control system of an internal combustion engined motor vehicle that activates the main electrical systems for the vehicle

Journal
That part of a shaft that is prepared to accept and support a bearing. The area on the crankshaft that fits into the lower portion of the Connecting rod. A layer of oil and metal bearing cushions the impact during the Power stroke to prevent the crankshaft from being crushed by the swiftly descending piston and Connecting rod.

Knock sensor

knock sensor is to sense for vibrations that are caused by the detonation or knock of the engine

Light Switch

Operating this switch causes the lights to come on or go off.

Leaf spring
A leaf spring is a simple form of spring commonly used for the suspension. A length of Flat spring steel plates bent in an arch usually with curled ends (eyes) to allow mounting to the frame. The eyes are usually filled with rubber bushings to reduce noise when the leafs flex.

Lockup torque converter
A Torque converter fitted with a lockup clutch that can be engaged to eliminate the slip between the torque converter's input and output, thereby improving fuel efficiency and performance because it is now in direct drive mode...

Manifold absolute pressure sensor
(MAP)

A detection device which monitors the engine's intake manifold pressure and transmits the data to the engine controller. A pressure-sensitive disk capacitor used to measure air pressure inside the intake manifold. The Map sensor sends a signal to the computer which uses this information to determine load conditions so it can adjust spark timing and fuel mixture. Also called Manifold pressure sensor or Pressure differential sensor

Nitrous Injection

This is a system that one can install when one needs to make horsepower but does no have the skills or knowledge to do so correctly.

Oxygen sensor :
All cars that were manufactured post 1980 feature an oxygen sensor. It is located within the emissions control system. When functioning, the O2 sensor sends data to the management computer located within the engine. In your car, a functioning O2 sensor ensures that your engine is running at top performance. Additionally, this sensor keeps your emissions in check and alerts you to when emissions are too excessive.

Pushrod engine
An engine configuration where the camshafts are located lower in the engine. Connecting rods and other components are used to operate the valves at the top of the cylinder heads

Quick Release Steering Wheel Hub

A device that allows one to quickly remove the starring wheel for ease of ingress/egress.

Rich air-fuel mixture
A mixture of air and fuel in which there is less air and more fuel.

Steering Wheel

The round thing that sits in front of the driver.

Turbocharger

A magical device that, when placed inside of an engine bay, makes cars go faster

Underbody Ground Effect

a device that mount at the bottom of the vehicle with the purpose of creating a suction when traveling at or higher than certain speed thus providing more downforce on the vehicle therefore increase traction at speed.